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The 5G Digital Geopolitics Map: Why is the US after Huawei, a Chinese tech giant?

Huawei was started by Ren Zhengfei with 21,000 yuan (about $5,000 USD at the time). Huawei's 5G networks will soon be accessible to half of the world's population.


Source: Italicized

Table of Contents for the Story:

What is Huawei, and who is Huawei?

Why is it so important to know anything about Huawei?

In the realm of networks, traditional geopolitics and digital geopolitics coexist.

The current 5G geopolitical landscape and why Huawei is a market leader

Finally, some thoughts

What is Huawei, and who is Huawei?

Can you imagine a business that resembles a multibillion-dollar empire? With palaces brimming with replicas of world monuments?

Huawei is the world's largest technology corporation, and its name is increasingly appearing in publications around the world. Ren Zhengfei (), a Chinese engineer and CCP member, created Huawei in 1987 with 21,000 yuan (about USD$5,000 at the time).

Why is it so important to know anything about Huawei?

I believe there are numerous causes behind this. Huawei has surpassed Nokia as the world's largest telecommunications equipment manufacturer. PC, Tablet, Wearable, and Router are among them.

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Their numbers are astounding, and their manufactures and sales continue to expand on all continents. They are the second-largest manufacturer of smartphones (Fig. 1). Their devices are cutting-edge and cost less. This means that we all have a good chance of getting one in the future to replace our Apples or Samsungs.

The 5G network, on the other hand, is Huawei's golden goose, which has positioned China as one of the most important technology players in network geopolitics.



Source: CNBC, Fig. 1



IDC, 2019. Source: IDC, 2019.

The new fifth-generation mobile network is known as 5G. 5G is different from its predecessors 2G, 3G, and 4G in that it is designed to accommodate a huge number of devices and high data speeds. According to Gökhan (2020), 5G networks are made up of three layers:

The first is the improved mobile network, which allows for speedier communication. For example, 5G reduces the time it takes to download a movie from 7 minutes to 6 seconds.

2- The second is ultra-reliable low-latency connectivity, which enables autonomous cars to be connected. Because to the minimal latency, the connection is 60 to 120 times quicker than 4G.

3- Machine-machine communication (Gökhan, 2020) allows machines to communicate with one another.

"4G has altered life, but 5G will revolutionise society," says Steven Wu, senior product manager at Huawei, of the revolutionary nature of 5G technology. One of the most important 5G trends will be its implementation in industry.

In the realm of networks, traditional geopolitics and digital geopolitics coexist.

The massive impact of 5G on society and the economy attracts not just corporate competitiveness, but also geopolitical conflict between countries. In a fast changing world, traditional geopolitical competition for fixed territory and natural resources, such as the imperial battle for Africa and/or political dominance during the Cold War, is being superseded.

Territories without permanent and clear borders have formed in this world, which is defined by interconnectedness and interdependence within large-scale networks. 5G technology begins a new industrial revolution and transforms society on a big scale in these undefined territories, resulting in creative technological infrastructure activities.



World Bank, Technology Infrastructure.

New technical and infrastructure advancements, particularly those that connect networks that integrate people, businesses, and machines, have given geopolitics a new and unparalleled dimension. As a result, the battle for power between major nations continues, but in a different form, as it migrates to the area of networks. Geopolitical struggle has taken place, above all, in transnational networks in this new era of technology.

Because networks have such a big impact on the economy, politics, and social order, a power struggle in networks has erupted, shaping geopolitical clash. The latest example of this competition is the dispute between China and the United States over the development of 5G technology.

China and the United States are vying for supremacy in the development and operation of 5G networks. Surpassing other players in Internet connection networks provides huge benefits, since it allows a country to affect the operation of multiple networks at the same time.

As a result, it's no surprise that the geopolitical battle for networks is centred on the development of 5G. These changes and technical advancements have never had such an impact on geopolitics.

Despite the presence of other entities, nations continue to be the primary players in digital geopolitics. Their objectives and tactics, on the other hand, alter. Unlike established territorial units, network flows cannot be contained or controlled; they can only be impacted.

As a result, states gain power in networks through fostering and developing dependency. The generation of the flow source is linked to the creation of dependents.

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This allows the grid generator, such as 5G, to use the flow to benefit other countries that require grid access. The ability to achieve a first-mover advantage by being the first to build networks. This is critical for influencing how they are implemented. As a result, it is to be expected that states will hurry to gain the benefit of being the first to build technical networks.

The current 5G geopolitical landscape and why Huawei is king

China has already outpaced the United States in the development of 5G technology, thanks to Huawei, and has stepped up its attempts to reach the global market.

Aside from building railroads and roads, China is also working on developing digital infrastructure for countries that have fallen behind in this area. Fiber optic cable networks, through which 5G networks flow, are part of China's efforts to improve its digital infrastructure.